1.Ipayipi idonsela emuva
Izinyathelo zokuvimbela ukwehluleka kokudonsa emuva:
(1) Yenza ukuhlola okubonakalayo kwawo wonke amathuluzi okumba ngaphambi komsebenzi, futhi wenze ukuhlola kokubona amaphutha (ukuhlolwa kwe-Y-ray noma i-X-ray, njll.) kumathuluzi amakhulu okumba njengamapayipi okubhoboza, izixhumi ezivuselelwa kabusha, namabhokisi okudlulisa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi akhona akukho mifantu futhi amandla ahlangabezana nezidingo zokwakha.
(2) Ububanzi bokugcina bokuphinda buphindwe izikhathi ezingaphezu kwezingu-1.5 zepayipi elidonsa emuva. Ukulandelana kokuxhuma kwepayipi ukudonsela emuva: ikhanda lamandla - ingono yokuvikela ikhanda - ipayipi lokubhoboza - i-reamer - ilunga elijikayo - iringi emise u-U - ikhanda likagandaganda - umugqa oyinhloko, ongaqinisekisa ukuthi amandla amaningi omshini wokubhoboza asetshenziswa emandleni okudonsa ngesikhathi senqubo yokudonsela emuva futhi aqinisekise impumelelo ye-pullback.Lapho umisa ukumba, ithuluzi lokumba kufanele lixhunywe ngokushesha, kanye nesikhathi sokuma sokumba. ithuluzi emgodini wokuhlola kufanele lifinyezwe ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi akufanele lidlule amahora angu-4.Esimeni sokuma, udaka luzofakwa embobeni ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze kugcinwe udaka embobeni.
(3) Ngaphambi kokuba ipayipi lihlehliswe, insimbi yokumba, ithuluzi lokumba, isistimu esekela udaka nezinye izinto zokusebenza kufanele zihlolwe futhi zinakekelwe ngokuphelele (kufakwe namarekhodi okugcinwa nokulungiswa) ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi umshini wokumba kanye nohlelo lwawo lukagesi lusebenza kahle. futhi isebenze ngokujwayelekile.Geza ipayipi lokubhoboza ngodaka ngaphambi kokuhlehla ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ayikho into yangaphandle epayipini lokubhoboza;Uhlelo lodaka lubushelelezi futhi ingcindezi ingahlangabezana nezidingo ze-pullback.Ngesikhathi sokudonsa, yenza isifutho sokuhlola ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umlomo wombhobho wamanzi awuvinjiwe.Ngesikhathi sokudonsa, faka udaka olufanele ngokwemibandela yokubhoboza, unciphise ukungqubuzana phakathi kwepayipi lokubhoboza kanye netshe lodonga lwembobo, ukhuphule ukugcotshwa kwamapayipi, unciphise izinga lokushisa lokungqubuzana kwepayipi lokubhoboza, futhi uqinisekise ukuphumelela kokudonsa emuva.
Izinyathelo zokuqinisekisa ukuthi ipayipi elivikela ukugqwala alili uma imbobo inwetshwa futhi ihlehliswa
(1) Lapho ubhoboza imbobo yokuhlola, yenza ukwakhiwa ngokuhambisana nezidingo zokuklama ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi imbobo yokushayela ibushelelezi futhi iyisicaba, futhi ugweme amakhona amaningi.Uma uhudula ubuyela emuva, ububanzi be-reamer esetshenzisiwe bukhulu izikhathi ezingaphezu kuka-1.5 kunobubanzi bepayipi eliwelayo ukuze kuncishiswe ukumelana nokudonsa futhi kuncishiswe into yokuklwebha phakathi kwepayipi nodonga lwembobo.
(2) Faka indawo yokuwasha imbobo ukuze uhlanze ezinye izicucu embobeni futhi unciphise ukungqubuzana kwepayipi embobeni.
(3) Isilinganiso sodaka siyashintsha nezimo zejoloji.Udaka luyaphathwa ngesikhathi sokudonsa emuva, futhi inani elithile lokuthambisa liyengezwa ukuze kuncishiswe ukumelana nokungqubuzana phakathi kwepayipi nodonga lwembobo.I-viscosity yodaka kufanele ilungiswe nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ngokuvumelana nesimo sangempela.Ngokwezinguquko ze-geological, i-viscosity yesilinganiso sodaka nokucindezela kuyalungiswa noma nini, futhi isilinganiso sodaka sisetshenziselwa ukumisa ipayipi odakeni ngesikhathi sokudonsa ukuze kuncishiswe ukungqubuzana.
(4) Ngemva kokuqedwa kokulungiswa kabusha, qala ngokuhlola ipayipi elidonsela emuva.Ngemva kokuqinisekisa ukuthi ungqimba olulwa nokugqwala luqinile futhi akukho ukugxambukela kwesici senhlalo, ngokwezimo zesayithi, ipayipi liyamiswa ngokumba imisele ethunyelwa kanye nezinqwaba zenhlabathi ukuze kuvikelwe ungqimba olunqanda ukugqwala kwepayipi..
30 ungqimba lokugqwala ngaphambi kwendawo yokuthola, ukuze kube lula kubasebenzi endaweni yokuthola ukuthi basebenzise ukutholwa kokuvuza kwe-EDM ukuthi kukhona yini imihuzuko noma ukuvuza kungqimba elwa nokugqwala, futhi balungise umonakalo ngesikhathi lapho kutholakala imihuzuko nokuvuza. , ukuze ugweme ukungena emgodini.
2.Indlela yokulinganisa, ukutakula kanye
tizinyathelo zokulungisa udaka
Ukulungiswa kodaka:
Isilinganiso sodaka sidlala indima ebalulekile empumelelweni yokuwela.I-viscosity yokucushwa kodaka kwephrojekthi izosekelwe emidwebeni yokuklama kanye nedatha ye-geological prospecting, ngokusho kokwabiwa kwe-viscosity yodaka ehlukene yezigaba ezahlukene, ohlelweni lokumba izimbobo zokuqondisa, kufanele kuqinisekiswe izakhiwo ezinhle ze-rheological, ukusebenza kokugcoba;Ngesikhathi sokuvuselela kabusha, i-viscosity yodaka izolungiswa ngokukhetha ngokuvumelana nerekhodi eliqondisayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi udaka lunamandla okusikwa okunamandla nokuvikela udonga.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, esigabeni ngasinye sokuqondisa, ukwakhiwa kabusha kanye nokwakhiwa kwe-backtowing, ngokusho kwedatha yangempela, engeza i-ejenti yokuqinisa udonga, i-viscosifier, i-lubricant, i-ejenti yokuhlanza i-chip namanye ama-ejenti asizayo, ukwandisa i-viscosity yodaka kanye nosimende, uthuthukise ukuzinza imbobo, vimbela ukudilika kodonga lwembobo, ukuvuza kwe-slurry nezinye izenzakalo, ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yephrojekthi igcwaliswe kahle.Izinto zodaka ngokuyinhloko ziyi-bentonite (enobungani bemvelo), futhi ukumiswa kodaka kuncike ezimweni zenhlabathi ezibhekana nazo lapho kubhobozwa.Kule phrojekthi ngokusebenzisa ukwakheka okuyinhloko, ukulungiswa kodaka kwenkomba eyinhloko.
Ukubuyiswa kodaka nokwelashwa:
Ukuze ulawule ngempumelelo inani lodaka, uvikele imvelo yemvelo, ngangokunokwenzeka ukusebenzisa udaka olunobungani bemvelo, ukugaywa kabusha, umkhawulo omkhulu wokunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kodaka lwemfucuza, ngesikhathi esifanayo ukuvimbela ukungcoliswa kwe-slurry, ukugaywa kabusha kwangaphandle ngesikhathi. ukwelashwa kwemvelo, izinyathelo ezithile zimi kanje:
(1) Qondisa udaka oluvumelana nemvelo olubuya emhlabathini lungene ohlelweni lokuzungeza, futhi ngomkhumbi ojikelezayo kanye nethangi lenhlabathi, ukusika okumbayo kuzoncishiswa ukuze kuzuzwe umphumela wokuqala wokuhlanza.Ngemva kokuhlanzwa kokuqala, udaka lugelezela echibini lodaka ukuze lume.Ukuze kusheshiswe ukuna kwezinhlayiya, i-baffle ibekwa echibini lodaka ukuze kushintshwe iphethini yokugeleza futhi ibhubhise isakhiwo odakeni, ukuze kube lula ukuna kokusikwa kokumba.
(2) Hlela abasebenzi abakhethekile ukuthi bahlole ulayini, baqinise umbono wokuhlola, futhi uma kukhona indawo evuza udaka, bahlele abasebenzi ukuthi bakhe i-cofferdam endaweni lapho udaka luvuza khona ukuze luquke futhi lusule ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, njengokuvimbela udaka ekuchichimeni kanye nobubanzi be-slurry ekukhuleni.Iyaqoqwa bese idonswa ngeloli ithange emgodini wodaka osendaweni yokwakha.
(3) Ngemva kokuqedwa kokwakhiwa, udaka emgodini wodaka esizeni sokwakhiwa luhlukaniswa nodaka namanzi, futhi udaka olusele luthuthelwa ngaphandle ukuze kuvikelwe indawo ezungezile.
3. Izinyathelo zobuchwepheshe ezikhethekile
Isistimu ye-Drilling Anchoring:
Enkambweni yokubhoboza okuqondisayo, ngenxa yokungajwayelekile kwesakhiwo sokwakheka ngaphansi komhlaba, i-drilling rig ithinteka kakhulu amandla okusabela wepayipi yokubhoboza emgodini ngesikhathi sokuvuselela nokubuyisela emuva.Ukwenyuka okungazelelwe kokudonsa kanzima kungase kubangele ukuntengantenga kwe-drilling rig ngisho nengozi ye-drilling rig ibheke phezulu.Ngakho-ke, ukuzinza kwesistimu yokunamathisela ye-drilling rig kubaluleke kakhulu.Ngokuvumelana nesipiliyoni sale phrojekthi kanye nokwakhiwa kwangaphambilini, uhlelo lokubambelela lwe-drilling rig luthuthukisiwe, ikakhulukazi ngale ndlela elandelayo:
(1) Beka ihange eliphansi emgodini, futhi umugqa omaphakathi webhokisi lehange eliphansi uqondane ne-eksisi ewelayo.Ingaphezulu lebhokisi lehange eliphansi liguquguquka nomhlabathi wemvelo, futhi imininingwane yokumba yebhokisi lehange eliphansi ngu-6m×2m×2m.
(2) Ihange lomsila we-tubular lifakwe amamitha angu-6 ngemuva kwebhokisi lehange eliphansi, futhi ibhokisi lehange eliphansi kanye nehange lomsila kuxhunywe ngezinti zokuxhuma.Ngemva kokuba ihange lomsila selixhunyiwe, umhlaba ugcwaliswa emuva, futhi inhlabathi ezungeze ihange icindezelwe ngomshini nangokwenziwa.Khulisa amandla okuthwala inhlabathi.
(3) Faka isigxobo esingamamitha angu-6 ubude ohlangothini ngalunye lwebhokisi lehange eliphansi ukuze uvimbele indikimba eyinhloko ukuthi ingatsheki.
(4) Faka ipayipi lensimbi engu-6 × 0.8m ekupheleni kwesigxobo ukuze ukwandise indawo yokucindezeleka yonke indawo futhi unciphise ukucindezela.
(5) Ngemva kokufakwa, ipuleti lensimbi kufanele libekwe ohlelweni lokunamathisela, futhi umshini wokumisa umshini kufanele upakwe ngaphezu kwepuleti lensimbi.
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-15-2023